solar battery charging

This Instructure will show you how to make your own solar battery charger with very simple components.
It takes the documentation of the kit provided by itself-
Of course, you should be able to easily find the same components yourself.
If you have any comments on how to improve the documentation, please do not hesitate to say :)
Items displayed in the image are included in the toolkit.
This page explains their use.
Your kit may have a copper band plate smaller/larger than this and may contain additional wires
I tried to strengthen the kit over time.
There are rows of copper rails on the copper plate.
Each track is separated from its neighbor electricity.
It contains the holes of the Assembly.
The motherboard I provide is larger than needed, which will allow you to extend the system at some point in the future.
Batter rack. . .
Errrr can store your battery. . . .
With two pins, one for the positive end and one for the negative end, they will be welded to the strip board.
100 Ohm
At some point this is necessary in the kit as the LED is unable to cope with some voltage in the experiment --
However, the new LEDs and resistors are just there because it is so advertised!
Maybe you will need it when you extend the system. LED -
This is a high-intensity LEDs. 3. 2-3.
The forward voltage of 3. 8 v is 20ma.
The LED must be placed in the circuit in the correct way.
The longer leg should receive the current from the forward terminal/direction. 1N5817 DIODE -
This diode only allows the current to flow in one direction.
This prevents the battery from discharging through the solar panel at night.
It dropped about 0.
Take 2 v out of the system.
This blocking diode also needs to be placed in the circuit in the right direction.
There is a circular band on the barrel at one end of the diode.
This should be closest to negative/ground. Wires -
Usually I include at least 4 wires.
A black and red wire for solar panels, a brown wire as a jumper, and a wire for unsoldered tests. Solar Panel -
This picture shows the back of the solar panel.
On the solar panels in the center on the left and right, you will see a small piece of smooth metal panels --
This is the negative/positive terminal.
I mark the positive side by adding black spots on that side.
This solar panel outputs up to 3 v at ma. Warning -
I suggest you read the whole document before doing any experiments
The information is included in the entire document, which will improve your understanding of using a solar rechargeable battery. HINT -
You should buy 10 thousand RMB and learn how to use it
This will tell you important information about the typical voltage and current that solar panels will produce in different weather conditions.
It is entirely possible to use this kit for welding without having to do any welding --
However, you need to do this at some point, so I include the welding and non-welding options.
It is a good website to explain welding.
Connect the black and red wires to the solar panel to connect the wires. People can use welded wires or non-welded wiresWelding method.
Welding is the best way I show you pictures of both
If you plan to use more panels or use a single panel in large quantities, you will find it better to install the panels on a board or plastic.
This will keep the position of the wire and prevent strain on the wire from being touched.
You can see an example of a welding-free method. . . .
Yes, that\'s cellotape!
The red square indicates where the contacts are.
The end of the wire is stripped off and then flattened to the contact and securely secured in place.
I don\'t recommend glue! -
You will not keep the wires in contact with the contacts when the glue is blocked.
Some tape is allowed to move to the solar side to ensure a firm placement.
The welding method is also shown.
It\'s not the best job in the world, but it\'s safe.
Always make sure the touch points are clean and free of grease.
Full charge 1.
2 V rechargeable Nimh battery into battery stand-
I think you know the right way to insert it. The 1.
The 2 V battery itself is not enough to light the LED. The 2-
3 v solar panels themselves Lighting LED will also have a lot of trouble.
We can try to operate the LED using the voltage of the battery plus the voltage of the solar panel.
Here is the welding-free version.
Connect the red positive pole of the solar panel to the negative pole of the battery bracket.
Use the additional wires provided to connect the front end of the battery stand to the LED legs for a longer period of time.
The longer segment of the LED is always connected to the positive side of the circuit.
Then connect the negative wire of the solar panel to another LED leg.
The LED should light up if the battery is fully charged and you have a sunny day.
You can even power a solar panel from a powerful torch or lamp by shining it on it.
Try to light the LED separately with a battery or solar panel.
Now let\'s make your own battery charger.
Here is the circuit diagram of it.
Connect the positive pole of the solar cell to the positive pole of 1 by diode. 2V battery.
If the voltage of the solar cell drops below 1.
4 volts and then 0.
The 2 v blocking diode does not have enough potential to charge 1. 2V battery.
The purpose of the diode is that when this low voltage situation occurs in the solar cell, the current is not allowed to dissipate from the battery to the solar cell.
The next photo shows the front of the completed and welded circuit.
The red line at the bottom shows how the copper rail is aligned on the other side of the board.
The blue line shows how the circuit is completed through its electrical common point (i. e. the tracks ).
See how the small silver band at the top of the diode is facing the positive pole of the battery.
It allows flow to the battery, but not to the battery.
Of course, you can remove the Brown wire and connect the Black/negative wire to the same track as the negative pole of the battery.
We just wanted to show a more \"closed\" form of the track.
From below you can see the welding connections and how they operate along the copper track.
I added brown wires and diodes to the Brown wires as blue lines, and I also added brown wires to the positive and negative manufacturers of the batteries.
Keep in mind that the location is flipped from the previous photo.
The maximum output power of the solar cell is 15ma.
This is the best condition.
Large capacity rechargeable Nimh can hold 2000 mAH.
That means it needs (2000/150 )
Fully charged hours.
About 13 hours!
People need to solve this problem when choosing the arrangement of solar cells)
How many batteries do you want to charge in onceb)
How fast you want them to charge.
By adding additional solar panels, people can charge more batteries, charge them faster, and even charge them at the same time.
So how does this work?
In order to double the voltage, you need to connect two solar panels in series. i. e.
You need to connect the negative pole of one solar panel to the positive pole of the other solar panel.
This will then allow you to get a positive terminal from one panel and a negative terminal from the other to connect your wire.
In this case, you will have a solar panel with a rated voltage of up to 6 V at 15 Ma (
Maximum voltage for a single panel is 3 v).
More voltage allows you to charge more batteries at a time
Keep in mind that although 3 v is the maximum rating for solar panels, you need to understand the typical output of the climate.
The battery also needs to be connected in series (
Negative positive like in most
Battery equipment).
The circuit diagram below shows the series of solar cells and their cumulative voltage current, which will allow you to charge the battery faster.
In order to double the current output, you need to connect the solar panel in parallel.
Connect the positive pole of one panel to the positive pole of the other panel and connect the negative pole of one panel to the negative pole of the other panel.
This will give you the maximum rating of 3 v at 300ma.
The circuit diagram below shows the solar cells connected in parallel.
You can see that the voltage of 3 v is the same, but now the current will double.
Several traps that help you avoid any mistakes or misconceptions. 1)
Get a multimeter and have a good understanding of how solar panels work in various weather conditions and at different times of the day.
The top ratings are good, but we don\'t all live in sunny Florida. 2)
Be careful of the current you pass through the battery.
Most modern batteries can be charged at a fairly high current.
For example, you can charge 2000 of the battery for more than 4 hours with a 500 mA current and it will be fully charged-
Continue charging for more than 4 hours and you may seriously damage the battery (
Even causing an explosion).
The Nimh battery has a protective mechanism when overcharging and trying to dissipate excess current as heat.
However, they usually only discharge 1 out of 10 of the total current as heat.
In practical terms, this means that if you charge 2000 of the battery with 200 mA, then if you charge it for a while, it will survive without any problems.
However, if you charge with 500 mA of the current and then overcharge, things get worse.
I will try to expand this tutorial further-
If you have any suggestions, additions and corrections, please contact me at peterd @ soleyphotos.